Ecological and Economic Benefits of Variable Rate Fertilisation the Case of Winter Wheat Production in Austria

Increased digital technology adoption in agriculture promises to alleviate environmental damage by reducing agricultural impacts. Enhanced machinery, operated using specialised software, facilitates a more precise use of water, fertilizers and pesticides. This paper focuses on the potential benefits of variable rate fertilization. The topic is winter wheat production on four representative arable farming locations in Austria. Integrating this approach necessitates specialised tools and information systems, alongside new skills. Technical accessibility is crucial for farmer acceptance. Drawing from Austrian data, we estimate cost savings in wheat production. Based on the empirical data we calculate the economic benefits and assess potential environmental benefits. Variable rate fertilization demonstrates cost savings, marginally higher yields, and reduced nutrient surplus, benefitting groundwater and air quality.