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Q2-PATHWAYS improves the understanding of deep-structural transformational change by innovatively enriching quantitative with qualitative analyses. The policy objective is to elaborate transformation pathways that are equitable, responsible, resilient, environmentally friendly and socially inclusive by transdisciplinary visioning and strategising with practitioners from policymaking, business and civil society. This aims at broadening the objectives of and the visions for climate policies by advancing from striving for a net-zero economy to aiming at climate-friendly living defined as a good life for all within planetary boundaries and overcoming climate-only policies that remain in a policy silo and putting climate politics at centre stage in a broader societal transformation towards sustainability. The scientific objective is to elaborate a holistic approach to societal transformations by integrating quantitative and qualitative climate research. This endeavour combines inter- and transdisciplinary research: first, Q2-PATHWAYS calibrates existing narratives and transformation pathways based on contemporary research and its transdisciplinary visioning and strategising approach. Second, it calibrates an integrated model of the electricity sector and the macroeconomy with the help of high-level experts mainly from the Second Austrian Assessment Report. Third, three transformation pathways will be modelled with the aim of analysing the effects of integrating diverse pragmatic and radical measures, thereby contributing to climate policies that have a higher potential to be not only effective, but also feasible.

The proposed project "FutuRes-PV" aims for deriving policy recommendations how to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of PV (photovoltaic) support in Austria, allowing for a socially inclusive uptake of PV systems at household level. It therefore investigates the impact of increasing household PV electricity generation in Austria until 2040, analysrescing different policy scenarios regarding their impact on the development of prosumer activities related to PV systems ("prosumer scenarios").

Mit der Förderaktion "Sauber Heizen für Alle" unterstützt das Bundesministerium für Klimaschutz, Umwelt, Energie, Mobilität, Innovation und Technologie einkommensschwache Haushalte bei der Umstellung von fossilen Raumheizungen auf nachhaltige klimafreundliche Heizungssysteme. Die Förderung richtet sich an Personen der untersten drei Einkommensdezile, die Eigentümer:in eines Ein- oder Zweifamilienhauses bzw. Reihenhauses mit Hauptwohnsitz am Projektstandort sind. Die Förderung kann bis zu 100% der förderfähigen Kosten betragen. Im Rahmen der Studie wird die Förderaktion aus mehreren Blickwinkeln evaluiert. Neben der Auswertung der Förderdatenbank des Bundes werden Interviews mit den Abwicklungsstellen und Energieberater:innen geführt sowie eine Online-Befragung der Fördernehmer:innen durchgeführt. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse der Erhebungen lassen sich Schlussfolgerungen über die Stärken und Schwächen der Förderaktion ziehen sowie Empfehlungen über Verbesserungen dieser Förderaktion und ihrer Abwicklung ableiten.

The Austrian government strives for achieving greenhouse gas neutrality in the transport and the buildings sector by 2040. Achieving a complete decarbonisation within such a short time period will be challenging for both sectors: in the transport sector the trend of rising emissions must be reversed; in the building sector the building stock must be thermally improved and heating systems must completely shift towards renewable energy sources. The introduction of policy instruments to decarbonise the housing and mobility sectors will entail different effects for different household groups depending on several (socio-economic) aspects. The (presumed) regressivity of policy instruments (most notably fiscal measures) in these areas very often impedes an evidence-based discussion on the political level and is used as an argument against the implementation of respective measures. By linking a macroeconomic model with a vehicle choice model, a transport demand model and a building stock model, in TransFair-AT we will analyse policy scenarios achieving a full decarbonisation of housing and mobility in Austria by 2040. We will assess the emission impacts as well as the macroeconomic and distributional effects of policy sets on different household types and develop measures to compensate vulnerable groups ensuring that the disposable income of disadvantaged household groups is not reduced.

Climate change is one of today's grand challenges. The EU has committed itself to ambitious emission reduction targets: for 2020 and 2030, the EU aims at reducing its greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990 by 20 percent and 40 percent, respectively, for 2050 an emission reduction by at least 80 percent is strived for. For large emitters in industry and energy generation the EU has established the European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) in 2005 defining an EU-wide reduction target. Emissions from other sources, most notably from the household and transport sectors, are instead regulated at EU member countries level and should be reduced by 30 percent by 2030, with differentiated reduction targets for the individual EU member countries. To achieve the emission reduction targets in the Non-ETS sectors the issue of carbon pricing has recently gained in momentum in the political discussion at EU as well as at EU member countries level. The project SoMBI focuses on two research questions: What are the effects of an EU-wide carbon price for the Non-ETS sectors that allows achieving the 30 percent reduction target in different EU member countries? What are the effects of different revenue recycling options in the EU member countries? To answer these questions, we perform a model-based analysis with the new ADAGIO-DYNK model. The CO₂ price necessary to achieve the 30 percent EU-wide reduction target for the Non-ETS sectors is estimated. Also, detailed results for two case study countries are discussed. The countries (Austria and Poland) differ considerably in terms of the structure of their energy systems and economies. First, we focus on the macroeconomic, emission and distributional impacts of the tax. Then, the effects of different revenue recycling options are assessed and policy recommendations for the introduction of a carbon tax are developed.