{"id":88832,"date":"2024-01-22T09:30:38","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T08:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/88832\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T00:29:41","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T23:29:41","slug":"umwelteffekte-der-handels-und-transportentwicklung-in-europa","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/88832\/","title":{"rendered":"Environmental Effects of the Devlopment in Trade and Transportation in Europe"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-88832","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"Over the last two decades, in all European countries the transportation sector became the sector that caused the greatest environmental damages, a position formerly held by the \"smoke stack industries\". True, environmental standard of motor vehicles have been improved through stiffer and stiffer regulations, but this beneficial effect has been more than offset through a change in the \"modal split\" \u2013 a move from transportation by ship and by rail to road transport services. These developments have been stimulated by price and quality differences between transport modes, through the upward trend in foreign trade, changes in the organisation of production, the location of enterprises, as well as the kind of instruments used in environmental policy.","onlinedate":"1991-12-01 01:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"19911201","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":279908,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"64","monthly_report_pages":"702-710","monthly_report_pages_sort":"702","issue":"12","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[44312],"research_groups":[3655],"collaboration":"","persons":[3959],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3959,\"personName\":\"Claudia Pichl\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Pichl, C.<\\\/span> (1991). <span>Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>64<\\\/em>(12), 702-710. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/1166\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/1166<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Pichl C<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/span>. 1991 Dec;64(12):702-710.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{0a17522506564602aa3c2176a1366f13,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"Der Transportsektor verdr{\\\\\\\"a}ngte in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten europaweit die {\\\"}Schornsteinindustrie{\\\"} als Hauptverursacher von Umweltbelastungen. Zwar verbesserte sich die Umweltvertr{\\\\\\\"a}glichkeit der einzelnen Fahrzeuge durch laufend versch{\\\\\\\"a}rfte Normen, in der Auswirkung auf die Umwelt insgesamt wurde dies jedoch durch eine umweltbelastende {\\\\\\\"A}nderung des {\\\"}modal split{\\\"} \u2013 die Verlagerung von Transporten von Schiff und Schiene auf die Stra{\\\\ss}e \u2013 und durch einen enormen Gesamtverkehrszuwachs zunichte gemacht. Gef{\\\\\\\"o}rdert wurden diese Entwicklungen u. a. durch Preis\u2013 und Qualit{\\\\\\\"a}tsunterschiede zwischen den Verkehrstr{\\\\\\\"a}gern, durch Tendenzen im Au{\\\\ss}enhandel und {\\\\\\\"A}nderungen der Produktionsorganisation und Standortentscheidungen, aber auch durch die Art der eingesetzten umweltpolitischen Instrumente.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa; Environmental Effects of the Devlopment in Trade and Transportation in Europe\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Claudia Pichl\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"1991\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = dec,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"Deutsch\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"64\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"702--710\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO-Monatsberichte\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa<\\\/p><p>AU  - Pichl, Claudia<\\\/p><p>PY  - 1991\\\/12<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 1991\\\/12<\\\/p><p>N2  - Der Transportsektor verdr\u00e4ngte in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten europaweit die \\\"Schornsteinindustrie\\\" als Hauptverursacher von Umweltbelastungen. Zwar verbesserte sich die Umweltvertr\u00e4glichkeit der einzelnen Fahrzeuge durch laufend versch\u00e4rfte Normen, in der Auswirkung auf die Umwelt insgesamt wurde dies jedoch durch eine umweltbelastende \u00c4nderung des \\\"modal split\\\" \u2013 die Verlagerung von Transporten von Schiff und Schiene auf die Stra\u00dfe \u2013 und durch einen enormen Gesamtverkehrszuwachs zunichte gemacht. Gef\u00f6rdert wurden diese Entwicklungen u. a. durch Preis\u2013 und Qualit\u00e4tsunterschiede zwischen den Verkehrstr\u00e4gern, durch Tendenzen im Au\u00dfenhandel und \u00c4nderungen der Produktionsorganisation und Standortentscheidungen, aber auch durch die Art der eingesetzten umweltpolitischen Instrumente.<\\\/p><p>AB  - Der Transportsektor verdr\u00e4ngte in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten europaweit die \\\"Schornsteinindustrie\\\" als Hauptverursacher von Umweltbelastungen. Zwar verbesserte sich die Umweltvertr\u00e4glichkeit der einzelnen Fahrzeuge durch laufend versch\u00e4rfte Normen, in der Auswirkung auf die Umwelt insgesamt wurde dies jedoch durch eine umweltbelastende \u00c4nderung des \\\"modal split\\\" \u2013 die Verlagerung von Transporten von Schiff und Schiene auf die Stra\u00dfe \u2013 und durch einen enormen Gesamtverkehrszuwachs zunichte gemacht. Gef\u00f6rdert wurden diese Entwicklungen u. a. durch Preis\u2013 und Qualit\u00e4tsunterschiede zwischen den Verkehrstr\u00e4gern, durch Tendenzen im Au\u00dfenhandel und \u00c4nderungen der Produktionsorganisation und Standortentscheidungen, aber auch durch die Art der eingesetzten umweltpolitischen Instrumente.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Umwelteffekte der Handels- und Transportentwicklung in Europa; Environmental Effects of the Devlopment in Trade and Transportation in Europe<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO-Schriftenreihen<\\\/p><p>VL  - 64<\\\/p><p>SP  - 702<\\\/p><p>EP  - 710<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Environmental Effects of the Devlopment in Trade and Transportation in Europe - 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