{"id":85785,"date":"2024-01-22T09:05:43","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T08:05:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/85785\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T23:56:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T22:56:45","slug":"bestimmungsgruende-des-anstiegs-der-arbeitslosigkeit-in-oesterreich-2","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/85785\/","title":{"rendered":"Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-85785","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"The unfavourable development of the Austrian labour market in the 1990s is attributable to a number of macro-economic factors. The rise of unemployment is a reflection of the relatively low average rate of economic growth and the 1993 recession. The productivity of labour increased at an accelerated pace in the course of Austria's growing integration with the economies of Western and Eastern Europe. Unemployment failed to decline even during the period of relative boom in 1997-98. This development is due, above all, to the following causes: \u2022 increased supply of labour as a result of the shortened period of entitlement to parental leave allowance, and a more restrictive policy with regard to early retirement; \u2022 the rate of unemployment has not reacted noticeably to high employment growth in the service sector, because the quality of the new jobs created fails to meet the expectations of the unemployed in terms of working hours and wages. (Many part-time jobs have been created in retail trade and other service sectors, but the majority of job-seekers are looking for full-time employment.) \u2022 A persistently high rate of unemployment in Vienna, a region particularly affected by staff cuts in the public sector, restructuring measures taken by major industrial and service enterprises and subsequent relocation, and a high share of private-sector service enterprises. The rise of unemployment between 1996 and 1998 was most pronounced in three areas: higher age groups, women, and Vienna. It should not, however, be taken as an indication of a general deterioration of the labour-market situation: finding a job was certainly easier in 1998 than before, as is indicated not only by the development of employment, but also by the number of vacant jobs. The rise of unemployment was due, above all, to institutional factors. Cuts of special support measures and a more restrictive policy with regard to early retirement meant that older job-seekers remained on record as unemployed, instead of retiring from working life. At the same time, the shortened period of entitlement to parental leave allowance resulted in a strong increase in the number of women wanting to re-enter the labour market. Hence, the rise of unemployment in 1997 and 1998 is primarily attributable to the fact that beneficiaries of social services, whose availability to the labour market is very limited or non-existent, have become more highly dependent on unemployment benefits for their subsistence since the adoption of the \"austerity package\". The impact on unemployment figures has been largely statistical in nature and can therefore be qualified as a form of \"re-labelling\".","onlinedate":"1999-03-26 12:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"19990301","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich; Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":276866,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"72","monthly_report_pages":"167-175","monthly_report_pages_sort":"167","issue":"3","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"1999-03-26 12:00:00","types":[44312],"research_groups":[3500],"collaboration":"","persons":[4043,3893],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4043,\"personName\":\"Markus Marterbauer\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":3893,\"personName\":\"Ewald Walterskirchen\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Marterbauer, M.<\\\/span><span>, &amp; Walterskirchen, E.<\\\/span> (1999). <span>Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>72<\\\/em>(3), 167-175. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/651\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/651<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Marterbauer M<\\\/span><span>, Walterskirchen E<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/span>. 1999 Mar;72(3):167-175.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{245be05bd1d142c180468e3e35d7d334,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Bestimmungsgr{\\\\\\\"u}nde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"In den neunziger Jahren entwickelte sich der Arbeitsmarkt bislang ung{\\\\\\\"u}nstig, die Arbeitslosigkeit stieg merklich. Bis 1997 waren daf{\\\\\\\"u}r das relativ schwache durchschnittliche Wirtschaftswachstum, die Rezession 1993 und die kr{\\\\\\\"a}ftigen Produktivit{\\\\\\\"a}tssteigerungen in der privaten Wirtschaft ma{\\\\ss}geblich. 1997\\\/98 erh{\\\\\\\"o}hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit jedoch trotz guter Konjunktur weiter. Die wichtigsten Gr{\\\\\\\"u}nde dieser Entwicklung sind die erhebliche Ausweitung des Arbeitskr{\\\\\\\"a}fteangebotes (Verk{\\\\\\\"u}rzung der Bezugsdauer von Karenzurlaubsgeld, Erschwerung des Zugangs zur vorzeitigen Alterspension), das wachsende Gewicht des Teilzeitangebotes im Dienstleistungssektor (w{\\\\\\\"a}hrend die Arbeitslosen Vollzeitbesch{\\\\\\\"a}ftigung suchen) und Personalk{\\\\\\\"u}rzungen ({\\\\\\\"o}ffentlicher Sektor) sowie Restrukturierungen (Zentralen gro{\\\\ss}er Industrie- und Dienstleistungsbetriebe) in Wien.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Bestimmungsgr{\\\\\\\"u}nde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich; Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria, Bestimmungsgr{\\\\\\\"u}nde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich; Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Markus Marterbauer and Ewald Walterskirchen\\\",<\\\/div><div>  note     = \\\"Arbeitslosigkeit\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"1999\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = mar,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"Deutsch\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"72\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"167--175\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO-Monatsberichte\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich<\\\/p><p>AU  - Marterbauer, Markus<\\\/p><p>AU  - Walterskirchen, Ewald<\\\/p><p>N1  - Arbeitslosigkeit<\\\/p><p>PY  - 1999\\\/3<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 1999\\\/3<\\\/p><p>N2  - In den neunziger Jahren entwickelte sich der Arbeitsmarkt bislang ung\u00fcnstig, die Arbeitslosigkeit stieg merklich. Bis 1997 waren daf\u00fcr das relativ schwache durchschnittliche Wirtschaftswachstum, die Rezession 1993 und die kr\u00e4ftigen Produktivit\u00e4tssteigerungen in der privaten Wirtschaft ma\u00dfgeblich. 1997\\\/98 erh\u00f6hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit jedoch trotz guter Konjunktur weiter. Die wichtigsten Gr\u00fcnde dieser Entwicklung sind die erhebliche Ausweitung des Arbeitskr\u00e4fteangebotes (Verk\u00fcrzung der Bezugsdauer von Karenzurlaubsgeld, Erschwerung des Zugangs zur vorzeitigen Alterspension), das wachsende Gewicht des Teilzeitangebotes im Dienstleistungssektor (w\u00e4hrend die Arbeitslosen Vollzeitbesch\u00e4ftigung suchen) und Personalk\u00fcrzungen (\u00f6ffentlicher Sektor) sowie Restrukturierungen (Zentralen gro\u00dfer Industrie- und Dienstleistungsbetriebe) in Wien.<\\\/p><p>AB  - In den neunziger Jahren entwickelte sich der Arbeitsmarkt bislang ung\u00fcnstig, die Arbeitslosigkeit stieg merklich. Bis 1997 waren daf\u00fcr das relativ schwache durchschnittliche Wirtschaftswachstum, die Rezession 1993 und die kr\u00e4ftigen Produktivit\u00e4tssteigerungen in der privaten Wirtschaft ma\u00dfgeblich. 1997\\\/98 erh\u00f6hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit jedoch trotz guter Konjunktur weiter. Die wichtigsten Gr\u00fcnde dieser Entwicklung sind die erhebliche Ausweitung des Arbeitskr\u00e4fteangebotes (Verk\u00fcrzung der Bezugsdauer von Karenzurlaubsgeld, Erschwerung des Zugangs zur vorzeitigen Alterspension), das wachsende Gewicht des Teilzeitangebotes im Dienstleistungssektor (w\u00e4hrend die Arbeitslosen Vollzeitbesch\u00e4ftigung suchen) und Personalk\u00fcrzungen (\u00f6ffentlicher Sektor) sowie Restrukturierungen (Zentralen gro\u00dfer Industrie- und Dienstleistungsbetriebe) in Wien.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich; Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria<\\\/p><p>KW  - Bestimmungsgr\u00fcnde des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in \u00d6sterreich; Factors Accounting for the Rise of Unemployment in Austria<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO-Schriftenreihen<\\\/p><p>VL  - 72<\\\/p><p>SP  - 167<\\\/p><p>EP  - 175<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - 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