{"id":83107,"date":"2024-01-22T08:45:41","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T07:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/83107\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T23:34:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T22:34:01","slug":"beschaeftigungspolitische-empfehlungen-der-oecd-und-der-eu-aus-oesterreichischer-sicht-2","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/83107\/","title":{"rendered":"Recommendations by the OECD and EU on Employment Policy: The Austrian Perspective"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-83107","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"In essence, the OECD's labor market policies designed to reduce unemployment in Europe derive from the conviction that the educational systems and the labor markets have not adjusted fast enough to the structural change induced by technological innovation. In addition, the EU points to the slow increase in capital outlays and weak economic growth. At the present time there are 35 million unemployed in the OECD countries, with almost 20 million in the EU. In the first quarter of 1994 the unemployment rate in the OECD countries was 8 percent, and as high as 11.2 percent in the EU. These figures show that the developed industrialized countries, especially the EU countries, were unsuccessful in fighting the problem of unemployment, a problem that became serious in the wake of the first oil price shock of 1974. During the seventies, Austria managed to prevent the unemployment rate from rising, but during the eighties it shared the experience of the other economies: unemployment rose as a consequence of the recession of 1980\/81 and the protracted structural adjustment problems. In the first half of 1994, 229,400 persons were registered as unemployed, i.e., 6.2 percent of all persons active in the labor market (7 percent of dependent labor). The unemployment rate according to the OECD guidelines (census data) was 4.5 percent. The persistence and seriousness of the problem of unemployment prompted the OECD as well as the European Union to closely analyze those factors to which the rise in unemployment and its long-term nature can be attributed, and to develop labor market policies which might enable the industrialized countries to regain the path to full employment (OECD, 1994, EU White Book, 1993). In essence, the OECD's labor market policies designed to reduce unemployment in Europe derive from the conviction that the educational systems and the labor markets have not adjusted fast enough to the structural change induced by technological innovation. In addition, the EU points to the slow increase in capital outlays and weak economic growth. The solution proposed for labor market problems, therefore, is a growth scenario based on investment into the infrastructure. The financing of the proposed mega-projects seems hardly feasible, however, given the restrictive stance of fiscal policy of individual countries and of the EU as a whole, and given the high level of interest rates. The OECD's policy recommendations focus on education and on-the-job training, retraining, adult education, the efficiency of employment exchanges, and active labor market policies designed to integrate the long-term unemployed. In Austria, the implementation of these programs requires changes in institutional structures and a shift in government programs. The OECD as well as the EU propose a cut in non-wage labor costs in low-wage industries, sufficient differentiation in minimum wages, and a reassessment of social security transfers, particularly of unemployment insurance payments. These changes should increase the financial incentive to the unemployed to take up work.","onlinedate":"1994-09-01 02:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"19940901","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":274580,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"67","monthly_report_pages":"524-530","monthly_report_pages_sort":"524","issue":"9","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[44312],"research_groups":[3510],"collaboration":"","persons":[4027],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4027,\"personName\":\"Gudrun Biffl\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Biffl, G.<\\\/span> (1994). <span>Besch\u00e4ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus \u00f6sterreichischer Sicht<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>67<\\\/em>(9), 524-530. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/64\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/64<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Biffl G<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Besch\u00e4ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus \u00f6sterreichischer Sicht<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/span>. 1994 Sept;67(9):524-530.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{5f6e9c6fdeb4418e8742dcbeadd6df2d,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Besch{\\\\\\\"a}ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichischer Sicht\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"Obschon das Arbeitskr{\\\\\\\"a}fteangebot in Europa schw{\\\\\\\"a}cher zunahm als in Nordamerika oder Japan, erh{\\\\\\\"o}hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit wesentlich st{\\\\\\\"a}rker. Der Anstieg der Arbeitslosigkeit ist nicht die Folge st{\\\\\\\"a}rkerer Arbeitsplatzverluste, sondern geringerer Wiedereinstiegschancen nach einem Arbeitsplatzverlust. Die Vorschl{\\\\\\\"a}ge der OECD zur Verringerung der strukturellen Arbeitslosigkeit in Europa konzentrieren sich daher auf Ma{\\\\ss}nahmen, die die Flexibilit{\\\\\\\"a}t und Anpassungsgeschwindigkeit der Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsm{\\\\\\\"a}rkte auf den Strukturwandel der Wirtschaft erh{\\\\\\\"o}hen. Das EU-Wei{\\\\ss}buch macht zus{\\\\\\\"a}tzlich die Abschw{\\\\\\\"a}chung des Wirtschaftswachstums infolge der Verlangsamung des Investitionswachstums f{\\\\\\\"u}r die geringe Besch{\\\\\\\"a}ftigungsexpansion in Europa im Vergleich zu den USA und Japan verantwortlich. Daher wird ein von Infrastrukturinvestitionen getragenes Wachstumsszenario zur L{\\\\\\\"o}sung der Arbeitsmarktprobleme in Europa vorgeschlagen. Die Finanzierung dieser Gro{\\\\ss}projekte d{\\\\\\\"u}rfte allerdings angesichts einer restriktiven Budgetpolitik der einzelnen L{\\\\\\\"a}nder und der EU schwer zu realisieren sein.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Besch{\\\\\\\"a}ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichischer Sicht; Recommendations by the OECD and EU on Employment Policy: The Austrian Perspective\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Gudrun Biffl\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"1994\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = sep,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"Deutsch\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"67\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"524--530\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO-Monatsberichte\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Besch\u00e4ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus \u00f6sterreichischer Sicht<\\\/p><p>AU  - Biffl, Gudrun<\\\/p><p>PY  - 1994\\\/9<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 1994\\\/9<\\\/p><p>N2  - Obschon das Arbeitskr\u00e4fteangebot in Europa schw\u00e4cher zunahm als in Nordamerika oder Japan, erh\u00f6hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit wesentlich st\u00e4rker. Der Anstieg der Arbeitslosigkeit ist nicht die Folge st\u00e4rkerer Arbeitsplatzverluste, sondern geringerer Wiedereinstiegschancen nach einem Arbeitsplatzverlust. Die Vorschl\u00e4ge der OECD zur Verringerung der strukturellen Arbeitslosigkeit in Europa konzentrieren sich daher auf Ma\u00dfnahmen, die die Flexibilit\u00e4t und Anpassungsgeschwindigkeit der Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsm\u00e4rkte auf den Strukturwandel der Wirtschaft erh\u00f6hen. Das EU-Wei\u00dfbuch macht zus\u00e4tzlich die Abschw\u00e4chung des Wirtschaftswachstums infolge der Verlangsamung des Investitionswachstums f\u00fcr die geringe Besch\u00e4ftigungsexpansion in Europa im Vergleich zu den USA und Japan verantwortlich. Daher wird ein von Infrastrukturinvestitionen getragenes Wachstumsszenario zur L\u00f6sung der Arbeitsmarktprobleme in Europa vorgeschlagen. Die Finanzierung dieser Gro\u00dfprojekte d\u00fcrfte allerdings angesichts einer restriktiven Budgetpolitik der einzelnen L\u00e4nder und der EU schwer zu realisieren sein.<\\\/p><p>AB  - Obschon das Arbeitskr\u00e4fteangebot in Europa schw\u00e4cher zunahm als in Nordamerika oder Japan, erh\u00f6hte sich die Arbeitslosigkeit wesentlich st\u00e4rker. Der Anstieg der Arbeitslosigkeit ist nicht die Folge st\u00e4rkerer Arbeitsplatzverluste, sondern geringerer Wiedereinstiegschancen nach einem Arbeitsplatzverlust. Die Vorschl\u00e4ge der OECD zur Verringerung der strukturellen Arbeitslosigkeit in Europa konzentrieren sich daher auf Ma\u00dfnahmen, die die Flexibilit\u00e4t und Anpassungsgeschwindigkeit der Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsm\u00e4rkte auf den Strukturwandel der Wirtschaft erh\u00f6hen. Das EU-Wei\u00dfbuch macht zus\u00e4tzlich die Abschw\u00e4chung des Wirtschaftswachstums infolge der Verlangsamung des Investitionswachstums f\u00fcr die geringe Besch\u00e4ftigungsexpansion in Europa im Vergleich zu den USA und Japan verantwortlich. Daher wird ein von Infrastrukturinvestitionen getragenes Wachstumsszenario zur L\u00f6sung der Arbeitsmarktprobleme in Europa vorgeschlagen. Die Finanzierung dieser Gro\u00dfprojekte d\u00fcrfte allerdings angesichts einer restriktiven Budgetpolitik der einzelnen L\u00e4nder und der EU schwer zu realisieren sein.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Besch\u00e4ftigungspolitische Empfehlungen der OECD und der EU aus \u00f6sterreichischer Sicht; Recommendations by the OECD and EU on Employment Policy: The Austrian Perspective<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO-Schriftenreihen<\\\/p><p>VL  - 67<\\\/p><p>SP  - 524<\\\/p><p>EP  - 530<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Recommendations by the OECD and EU on Employment Policy: The Austrian Perspective - 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