{"id":125724,"date":"2024-01-23T10:10:05","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T09:10:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/125724\/"},"modified":"2025-10-22T22:11:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T20:11:05","slug":"measuring-trade-specialization-dynamics-the-case-of-romania-and-bulgaria","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/125724\/","title":{"rendered":"Measuring trade specialization dynamics: the case of Romania and Bulgaria"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-125724","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"The paper analyses the evolution of trade specialisation in Romania and Bulgaria beginning with the mid-1990s to 2012. Two statistical methods are applied: cross-section analysis and the Markov chain technique. These methods are used both to establish a link between different distributions of trade specialisation indicators in time and to find out if Romania and Bulgaria have mainly specialised in competitive or non-competitive products. Although the main acceding countries to European Union had registered an increasing degree of specialisation, our results indicate an opposite trend for the two countries.","onlinedate":"2017-05-01 02:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20170501","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Competitive advantage\",\"Cross-section analysis\",\"Markov chain\",\"Trade specialisation\"]","jelcodes":"[\"C21\",\"F11\",\"F14\"]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":null,"zip":null,"link":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/10663","monthly_report":false,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"44","monthly_report_pages":"229-248","monthly_report_pages_sort":"229","issue":"2","journal":"Empirica","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":true,"embargo_date":null,"types":[83083],"research_groups":[3491],"collaboration":"","persons":[14767],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":14767,\"personName\":\"Irina Marilena Ban\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - 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