{"id":124696,"date":"2024-01-23T09:15:26","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T08:15:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/124696\/"},"modified":"2025-10-22T22:09:04","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T20:09:04","slug":"evaluating-foreign-trade-specialization-and-qualitative-competitiveness-of-a-transition-economy-the-case-of-macedonia","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/124696\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluating foreign trade specialization and qualitative competitiveness of a transition economy: the case of Macedonia"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-124696","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"A certain country can increase production and welfare only if it produces in industries in which price is not the single factor explaining the competitive edge. This paper attempts to assess the qualitative competitiveness of Macedonia as a candidate country for European Union (EU) accession. EU remains a main trading partner of the country, making up around two-thirds of its foreign trade. Having a small economy implies that Macedonia has to rely mainly on export-led growth. As such, addressing external competitiveness has become a more prominent issue than ever before, while improving the competitiveness is quite important in terms of EU accession. We calculate unit values to signal the Macedonia's quality position, and then perform a country-specific segmentation of markets according to the revealed price elasticity concept (REVELAST 1). The findings suggest that Macedonia exhibits low export unit values due to the country's specialisation mostly in industries at the lower end of the quality spectrum. The analysis of product groups indicates a certain weakening \u2013 inadequate position prevails both for the levels and the type of competitive performance. The rising number of product groups in the segment with structural problems is particularly worrisome, and specifically for sectors which are the most important for achieving competitiveness with dynamic potentials. The only way for Macedonia to establish an adequate structure of foreign trade and higher levels of competitiveness is to create an appropriate environment, so that some product groups of this segment move into the segments of successful quality and\/or price competition.","onlinedate":"2016-08-01 02:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20160801","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Trade specialization Qualitative competitiveness Transition economy Unit value Revealed price elasticity Standard International Trade Classification\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":null,"zip":null,"link":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/10663","monthly_report":false,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"43","monthly_report_pages":"633-655","monthly_report_pages_sort":"633","issue":"3","journal":"Empirica","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":true,"embargo_date":null,"types":[83083],"research_groups":[3491],"collaboration":"","persons":[15767,15775],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":15767,\"personName\":\"O. Kostoska\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":15775,\"personName\":\"P. Mitrevski\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Evaluating foreign trade specialization and qualitative competitiveness of a transition economy: the case of Macedonia - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/124696\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evaluating foreign trade specialization and qualitative competitiveness of a transition economy: the case of Macedonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/124696\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-22T20:09:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/124696\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/124696\\\/\",\"name\":\"Evaluating foreign trade specialization and qualitative competitiveness of a transition economy: the case of Macedonia - 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