{"id":123250,"date":"2024-01-23T08:25:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T07:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/123250\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T13:00:41","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T12:00:41","slug":"formation-and-adaptation-of-the-sugar-cartel-in-austria-hungary","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/123250\/","title":{"rendered":"Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-123250","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"This paper studies the legal sugar cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary in 1891-1914. I analyse the cartel formation prior to 1891 that was enabled by an excise tax. The cartel started with simple annual quotas and \u2013 despite breakdowns \u2013 learned to adapt to inventory demand, entry, internal coordination problems and lowered import protection. Detailed qualitative evidence on the inner workings and prices, opportunity costs and sales data on a monthly basis are discussed. The success of the cartel at subsequent stages is evaluated.","onlinedate":"2016-01-08 12:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20160101","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"57","keywords":"[\"Cartels\",\"Collusion\",\"Storage\",\"Sugar Industry\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":414348,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"","monthly_report_pages":"","monthly_report_pages_sort":"0","issue":"508","journal":"WIFO Working Papers","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"2016-01-08 12:00:00","types":[44410],"research_groups":[3491],"collaboration":"","persons":[4825],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4825,\"personName\":\"Nikolaus Fink\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Fink, N.<\\\/span> (2016). <span>Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO Working Papers<\\\/em><\\\/span>, (508). <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/58597\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/58597<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Fink N<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO Working Papers<\\\/span>. 2016 Jan;(508).<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{c274954c379b421dbf072d86611425e3,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"This paper studies the legal sugar cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary in 1891-1914. I analyse the cartel formation prior to 1891 that was enabled by an excise tax. The cartel started with simple annual quotas and \u2013 despite breakdowns \u2013 learned to adapt to inventory demand, entry, internal coordination problems and lowered import protection. Detailed qualitative evidence on the inner workings and prices, opportunity costs and sales data on a monthly basis are discussed. The success of the cartel at subsequent stages is evaluated.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Cartels, Collusion, Storage, Sugar Industry, Cartels, Collusion, Storage, Sugar Industry\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Nikolaus Fink\\\",<\\\/div><div>  note     = \\\"Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"2016\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = jan,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"English\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO Working Papers\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary<\\\/p><p>AU  - Fink, Nikolaus<\\\/p><p>N1  - Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2016\\\/1<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2016\\\/1<\\\/p><p>N2  - This paper studies the legal sugar cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary in 1891-1914. I analyse the cartel formation prior to 1891 that was enabled by an excise tax. The cartel started with simple annual quotas and \u2013 despite breakdowns \u2013 learned to adapt to inventory demand, entry, internal coordination problems and lowered import protection. Detailed qualitative evidence on the inner workings and prices, opportunity costs and sales data on a monthly basis are discussed. The success of the cartel at subsequent stages is evaluated.<\\\/p><p>AB  - This paper studies the legal sugar cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary in 1891-1914. I analyse the cartel formation prior to 1891 that was enabled by an excise tax. The cartel started with simple annual quotas and \u2013 despite breakdowns \u2013 learned to adapt to inventory demand, entry, internal coordination problems and lowered import protection. Detailed qualitative evidence on the inner workings and prices, opportunity costs and sales data on a monthly basis are discussed. The success of the cartel at subsequent stages is evaluated.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Cartels<\\\/p><p>KW  - Collusion<\\\/p><p>KW  - Storage<\\\/p><p>KW  - Sugar Industry<\\\/p><p>KW  - Cartels<\\\/p><p>KW  - Collusion<\\\/p><p>KW  - Storage<\\\/p><p>KW  - Sugar Industry<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO series<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO Working Papers<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO Working Papers<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/123250\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/123250\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-14T12:00:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/123250\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/123250\\\/\",\"name\":\"Formation and Adaptation of the Sugar Cartel in Austria\u2013Hungary - 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