{"id":115792,"date":"2024-01-22T19:46:04","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T18:46:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/115792\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T04:33:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T03:33:21","slug":"are-commuters-in-the-eu-better-educated-than-non-commuters-but-worse-than-migrants","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/","title":{"rendered":"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-115792","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"I analyse the skill and age structure of commuters in 14 EU countries. Theory implies that commuters can be either more or less able than stayers, but are always less able than migrants and that they are also always older than migrants but younger than stayers. Empirically all types of commuters are younger and have higher education than non-commuters. Internal commuters are better educated and younger than cross-border commuters, education decreases while age increases with distance commuted and recent migrants are younger but also more highly educated than commuters.","onlinedate":"2011-11-30 01:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20111101","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"29","keywords":"[\"Commuting\",\"Migration\",\"Selectivity\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":342419,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"","monthly_report_pages":"","monthly_report_pages_sort":"0","issue":"407","journal":"WIFO Working Papers","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[44410],"research_groups":[3481],"collaboration":"","persons":[3621],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3621,\"personName\":\"Peter Huber\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Huber, P.<\\\/span> (2011). <span>Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?<\\\/span> <span><em>WIFO Working Papers<\\\/em><\\\/span>, (407). <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/43102\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/43102<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Huber P<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?<\\\/span><\\\/span> <span>WIFO Working Papers<\\\/span>. 2011 Nov;(407).<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{75cbde29955246c4946c08ce3d940659,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"I analyse the skill and age structure of commuters in 14 EU countries. Theory implies that commuters can be either more or less able than stayers, but are always less able than migrants and that they are also always older than migrants but younger than stayers. Empirically all types of commuters are younger and have higher education than non-commuters. Internal commuters are better educated and younger than cross-border commuters, education decreases while age increases with distance commuted and recent migrants are younger but also more highly educated than commuters.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Commuting, Migration, Selectivity, Commuting, Migration, Selectivity\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Peter Huber\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"2011\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = nov,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"English\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO Working Papers\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?<\\\/p><p>AU  - Huber, Peter<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2011\\\/11<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2011\\\/11<\\\/p><p>N2  - I analyse the skill and age structure of commuters in 14 EU countries. Theory implies that commuters can be either more or less able than stayers, but are always less able than migrants and that they are also always older than migrants but younger than stayers. Empirically all types of commuters are younger and have higher education than non-commuters. Internal commuters are better educated and younger than cross-border commuters, education decreases while age increases with distance commuted and recent migrants are younger but also more highly educated than commuters.<\\\/p><p>AB  - I analyse the skill and age structure of commuters in 14 EU countries. Theory implies that commuters can be either more or less able than stayers, but are always less able than migrants and that they are also always older than migrants but younger than stayers. Empirically all types of commuters are younger and have higher education than non-commuters. Internal commuters are better educated and younger than cross-border commuters, education decreases while age increases with distance commuted and recent migrants are younger but also more highly educated than commuters.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Commuting<\\\/p><p>KW  - Migration<\\\/p><p>KW  - Selectivity<\\\/p><p>KW  - Commuting<\\\/p><p>KW  - Migration<\\\/p><p>KW  - Selectivity<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO series<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO Working Papers<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO Working Papers<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants? - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-07T03:33:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/115792\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/115792\\\/\",\"name\":\"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants? 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