{"id":115792,"date":"2024-01-22T19:46:04","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T18:46:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/115792\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T04:33:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T03:33:21","slug":"are-commuters-in-the-eu-better-educated-than-non-commuters-but-worse-than-migrants","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/","title":{"rendered":"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-115792","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"I analyse the skill and age structure of commuters in 14 EU countries. Theory implies that commuters can be either more or less able than stayers, but are always less able than migrants and that they are also always older than migrants but younger than stayers. Empirically all types of commuters are younger and have higher education than non-commuters. Internal commuters are better educated and younger than cross-border commuters, education decreases while age increases with distance commuted and recent migrants are younger but also more highly educated than commuters.","onlinedate":"2011-11-30 01:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20111101","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"29","keywords":"[\"Commuting\",\"Migration\",\"Selectivity\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":342419,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"","monthly_report_pages":"","monthly_report_pages_sort":"0","issue":"407","journal":"WIFO Working Papers","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[44410],"research_groups":[3481],"collaboration":"","persons":[3621],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3621,\"personName\":\"Peter Huber\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants? - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-07T03:33:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/115792\/\",\"name\":\"Are Commuters in the EU Better Educated than Non-Commuters but Worse than Migrants? 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