{"id":112216,"date":"2024-01-22T17:31:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T16:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/112216\/"},"modified":"2025-07-08T17:36:45","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T15:36:45","slug":"impacts-of-the-eu-emissions-trading-scheme-insights-from-the-first-trading-period-with-a-focus-on-competitiveness-issues","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112216\/","title":{"rendered":"Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-112216","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been in operation since January 2005. The data analysis of the allocated allowances and verified emissions for the first trading period shows that the EU ETS was in an overall long position implying very low carbon prices. The average long position for 2005-2007 for the EU total is the balance of a 12.1 percent long and an 8.7 percent short position of the total emissions. The allocation differences vary between countries, sectors and installations. Another feature of the EU ETS is the pronounced inequality in the distribution of the size of installations when ranked according to their emissions. When looking at competitiveness effects of the EU ETS it is important to differentiate between sectors. In the report we chose two sectors as case studies \u2013 electricity and cement. From the empirical analysis it seems that the EU ETS has so far not generated large incentives to enforce long-term developments in these sectors. This has to be seen in the context of low or close to zero CO2 prices in the first trading period.","onlinedate":"2008-10-14 02:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20081001","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"120","keywords":"[\"EU Emissions Trading Scheme\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":428131,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":false,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"","monthly_report_pages":"","monthly_report_pages_sort":"0","issue":"","journal":"","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[81966],"research_groups":[3655],"collaboration":"","persons":[3671,4507,4953],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3671,\"personName\":\"Angela K\u00f6ppl\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":4507,\"personName\":\"Gregor Thenius\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":4953,\"personName\":\"Stefan Schleicher\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[10660],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_bookanthology rendering_apa rendering_bookanthology_apa\\\"><span>K\u00f6ppl, A.<\\\/span><span>, Thenius, G.<\\\/span><span>, &amp; Schleicher, S.<\\\/span> (2008). <span><em>Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues<\\\/em><\\\/span>. WIFO. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/33963\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/33963<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_bookanthology rendering_vancouver rendering_bookanthology_vancouver\\\"><span>K\u00f6ppl A<\\\/span><span>, Thenius G<\\\/span><span>, Schleicher S<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues<\\\/span><\\\/span>. WIFO; 2008.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_bookanthology rendering_bibtex rendering_bookanthology_bibtex\\\"><div>@book{ca738f5e8d644e079b67942cba53d05a,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been in operation since January 2005. The data analysis of the allocated allowances and verified emissions for the first trading period shows that the EU ETS was in an overall long position implying very low carbon prices. The average long position for 2005-2007 for the EU total is the balance of a 12.1 percent long and an 8.7 percent short position of the total emissions. The allocation differences vary between countries, sectors and installations. Another feature of the EU ETS is the pronounced inequality in the distribution of the size of installations when ranked according to their emissions. When looking at competitiveness effects of the EU ETS it is important to differentiate between sectors. In the report we chose two sectors as case studies \u2013 electricity and cement. From the empirical analysis it seems that the EU ETS has so far not generated large incentives to enforce long-term developments in these sectors. This has to be seen in the context of low or close to zero CO2 prices in the first trading period.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"EU Emissions Trading Scheme, EU Emissions Trading Scheme\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Angela K{\\\\\\\"o}ppl and Gregor Thenius and Stefan Schleicher\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"2008\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = oct,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"English\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_bookanthology rendering_ris rendering_bookanthology_ris\\\"><p>TY  - BOOK<\\\/p><p>T1  - Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues<\\\/p><p>AU  - K\u00f6ppl, Angela<\\\/p><p>AU  - Thenius, Gregor<\\\/p><p>AU  - Schleicher, Stefan<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2008\\\/10<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2008\\\/10<\\\/p><p>N2  - The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been in operation since January 2005. The data analysis of the allocated allowances and verified emissions for the first trading period shows that the EU ETS was in an overall long position implying very low carbon prices. The average long position for 2005-2007 for the EU total is the balance of a 12.1 percent long and an 8.7 percent short position of the total emissions. The allocation differences vary between countries, sectors and installations. Another feature of the EU ETS is the pronounced inequality in the distribution of the size of installations when ranked according to their emissions. When looking at competitiveness effects of the EU ETS it is important to differentiate between sectors. In the report we chose two sectors as case studies \u2013 electricity and cement. From the empirical analysis it seems that the EU ETS has so far not generated large incentives to enforce long-term developments in these sectors. This has to be seen in the context of low or close to zero CO2 prices in the first trading period.<\\\/p><p>AB  - The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been in operation since January 2005. The data analysis of the allocated allowances and verified emissions for the first trading period shows that the EU ETS was in an overall long position implying very low carbon prices. The average long position for 2005-2007 for the EU total is the balance of a 12.1 percent long and an 8.7 percent short position of the total emissions. The allocation differences vary between countries, sectors and installations. Another feature of the EU ETS is the pronounced inequality in the distribution of the size of installations when ranked according to their emissions. When looking at competitiveness effects of the EU ETS it is important to differentiate between sectors. In the report we chose two sectors as case studies \u2013 electricity and cement. From the empirical analysis it seems that the EU ETS has so far not generated large incentives to enforce long-term developments in these sectors. This has to be seen in the context of low or close to zero CO2 prices in the first trading period.<\\\/p><p>KW  - EU Emissions Trading Scheme<\\\/p><p>KW  - EU Emissions Trading Scheme<\\\/p><p>M3  - Study<\\\/p><p>BT  - Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112216\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112216\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-08T15:36:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/112216\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/112216\\\/\",\"name\":\"Impacts of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Insights from the First Trading Period with a Focus on Competitiveness Issues - 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