{"id":112048,"date":"2024-01-22T17:27:22","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T16:27:22","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-11-07T04:01:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T03:01:04","slug":"bilateral-fdi-potentials-for-austria","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112048\/","title":{"rendered":"Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-112048","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"Trade economists have long considered gravity models to estimate unexhausted potentials for bilateral trade. Similar to the discrepancy between \"normal\" and \"actual\" bilateral trade, one may ask the question about the difference between \"normal\" and actual bilateral multinational activity. However, with multinational activity, zero bilateral data and heteroscedasticity are very important, even more so than with trade data. Therefore, this paper suggests using generalised linear rather than log-linear models to specify \"normal\" FDI and obtain estimates of unexhausted FDI potentials. It uses panel data on Austria's bilateral multinational activity across 25 countries and 7 country blocs, 4 sectors and 13 years to illustrate the disadvantage of log-linear model estimation at quasi-maximum likelihood estimation.","onlinedate":"2008-11-13 01:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"FIW \u2013 Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft","publication_date":"20080601","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"28","keywords":"[\"FIW Foreign direct investment\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":331438,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":false,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"","monthly_report_pages":"","monthly_report_pages_sort":"0","issue":"","journal":"","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":null,"types":[81966],"research_groups":[3491],"collaboration":"","persons":[3574],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3574,\"personName\":\"Peter Egger\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[61507],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_bookanthology rendering_apa rendering_bookanthology_apa\\\"><span>Egger, P.<\\\/span> (2008). <span><em>Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria<\\\/em><\\\/span>. (FIW \u2013 Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft). WIFO. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fiw.ac.at\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.fiw.ac.at<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_bookanthology rendering_vancouver rendering_bookanthology_vancouver\\\"><span>Egger P<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria<\\\/span><\\\/span>. WIFO; 2008.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_bookanthology rendering_bibtex rendering_bookanthology_bibtex\\\"><div>@book{7e15a1aa34974429bf94341a4fa0965b,<\\\/div><div>  title     = \\\"Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract  = \\\"Trade economists have long considered gravity models to estimate unexhausted potentials for bilateral trade. Similar to the discrepancy between {\\\"}normal{\\\"} and {\\\"}actual{\\\"} bilateral trade, one may ask the question about the difference between {\\\"}normal{\\\"} and actual bilateral multinational activity. However, with multinational activity, zero bilateral data and heteroscedasticity are very important, even more so than with trade data. Therefore, this paper suggests using generalised linear rather than log-linear models to specify {\\\"}normal{\\\"} FDI and obtain estimates of unexhausted FDI potentials. It uses panel data on Austria's bilateral multinational activity across 25 countries and 7 country blocs, 4 sectors and 13 years to illustrate the disadvantage of log-linear model estimation at quasi-maximum likelihood estimation.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords  = \\\"FIW Foreign direct investment, FIW Foreign direct investment\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author    = \\\"Peter Egger\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year      = \\\"2008\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month     = jun,<\\\/div><div>  language  = \\\"English\\\",<\\\/div><div>  series    = \\\"FIW \u2013 Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_bookanthology rendering_ris rendering_bookanthology_ris\\\"><p>TY  - BOOK<\\\/p><p>T1  - Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria<\\\/p><p>AU  - Egger, Peter<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2008\\\/6<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2008\\\/6<\\\/p><p>N2  - Trade economists have long considered gravity models to estimate unexhausted potentials for bilateral trade. Similar to the discrepancy between \\\"normal\\\" and \\\"actual\\\" bilateral trade, one may ask the question about the difference between \\\"normal\\\" and actual bilateral multinational activity. However, with multinational activity, zero bilateral data and heteroscedasticity are very important, even more so than with trade data. Therefore, this paper suggests using generalised linear rather than log-linear models to specify \\\"normal\\\" FDI and obtain estimates of unexhausted FDI potentials. It uses panel data on Austria's bilateral multinational activity across 25 countries and 7 country blocs, 4 sectors and 13 years to illustrate the disadvantage of log-linear model estimation at quasi-maximum likelihood estimation.<\\\/p><p>AB  - Trade economists have long considered gravity models to estimate unexhausted potentials for bilateral trade. Similar to the discrepancy between \\\"normal\\\" and \\\"actual\\\" bilateral trade, one may ask the question about the difference between \\\"normal\\\" and actual bilateral multinational activity. However, with multinational activity, zero bilateral data and heteroscedasticity are very important, even more so than with trade data. Therefore, this paper suggests using generalised linear rather than log-linear models to specify \\\"normal\\\" FDI and obtain estimates of unexhausted FDI potentials. It uses panel data on Austria's bilateral multinational activity across 25 countries and 7 country blocs, 4 sectors and 13 years to illustrate the disadvantage of log-linear model estimation at quasi-maximum likelihood estimation.<\\\/p><p>KW  - FIW Foreign direct investment<\\\/p><p>KW  - FIW Foreign direct investment<\\\/p><p>M3  - Study<\\\/p><p>T3  - FIW \u2013 Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft<\\\/p><p>BT  - Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112048\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/112048\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-07T03:01:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/112048\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/112048\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bilateral FDI Potentials for Austria - 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