{"id":107004,"date":"2024-01-22T15:04:13","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T14:04:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/107004\/"},"modified":"2026-02-17T16:29:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T15:29:14","slug":"implikationen-eines-freiwilligenheeres-fuer-den-oesterreichischen-arbeitsmarkt","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/107004\/","title":{"rendered":"Implications of a Voluntary Army for the Austrian Labour Market"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-107004","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"The end of the Cold War, the increasing importance of international operations, and the development of a co-ordinated European security and defence strategy have led many countries in Europe to reform their national system of military defence \u2013 Belgium in 1994, the Netherlands in the second half of the 1990s, France in 2000. A major element of reform was the end of conscription and the introduction of a volunteer army. Now Austria is similarly contemplating a reform of its military system as a result of the changing character and functions of military service and the new geo-strategic position of Austria as a result of the Czech Republic and Hungary joining NATO in the 1990s.","onlinedate":"2003-01-16 12:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20030101","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Heeresreform; Arbeitsmarkt; Zivildienst; Wehrdienst; \u00d6sterreich; Implikationen eines Freiwilligenheeres f\u00fcr den \u00f6sterreichischen Arbeitsmarkt; Implications of a Voluntary Army for the Austrian Labour Market\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":441129,"zip":null,"link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wwa\/pubid\/23405","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"76","monthly_report_pages":"47-62","monthly_report_pages_sort":"47","issue":"1","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"2003-01-16 12:00:00","types":[44312],"research_groups":[3510],"collaboration":"","persons":[4027],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4027,\"personName\":\"Gudrun Biffl\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - 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