{"id":106898,"date":"2024-01-22T15:02:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T14:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/106898\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T03:16:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T02:16:01","slug":"der-oesterreichische-forschungs-und-technologiebericht-2002-2","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/106898\/","title":{"rendered":"The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-106898","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"Expenditure on R&amp;D encompasses much of those resources which are used more or less like an investment into the future and spent with a view to obtaining and securing competitive advantages. During the 1990s, Austria made a serious effort to catch up: From 1.39 percent of GDP in 1990, spending on research successively grew to 1.95 percent in 2002, which has brought Austria to a medium level within Europe; but there is still a wide gap to leading countries such as Finland or Sweden. Disadvantages for Austria stem from the comparatively low participation of domestic companies in the financing and carrying-out of research activities. During the 1990s, countries such as Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden and the USA stood out for their substantial widening of the share of company-financed R&amp;D. Furthermore, these countries showed a particularly high growth rate in their overall R&amp;D expenditure. Considering that industry sectors differ considerably in their expenditure for R&amp;D, the sectoral structure of the Austrian economy constitutes a barrier against accelerating the catching-up process. The domestic economy not only includes a high share of labour-intensive sectors, but also specialises to a large degree in products of medium-tech level, such as mechanical and vehicle engineering. High-tech sectors, on the other hand, are mostly underrepresented. An analysis of patent data shows similar structural weaknesses of the Austrian economy, as have been evidenced based on data on production and international trade: salient features are an excessive specialisation on low-tech sectors (e.g., those in which technological change progresses at a slower rate and those which get little impetus from current scientific research). Science contributes to the technological performance of an economy by carrying out basic research (experimental and theoretical scientific work aimed primarily at achieving new knowledge and explaining known phenomena, but not at discovering applications) on the one hand and by developing highly specialised human resources on the other. When using selected indicators of the scientific publication rate, Austria is found to be positioned in the European middle, but noticeably behind the leaders Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and the Netherlands. Domestic scientists achieve their greatest response rates when working in physics, mathematics and pharmacology. Rates are still above average for those working in the material sciences, mechanical engineering, computer sciences and molecular biology. As a result, Austrian science still connects to international developments in many scientific disciplines. The situation, however, differs when it comes to higher education. International comparisons of qualification levels confirm Austria&apos;s traditional strength in the medium segment, i.e., a high rate of graduations from secondary level II courses, where Austria is in the top group together with Denmark, Germany and Sweden. When it comes to tertiary education levels, on the other hand, Austria is at the lower end of the scale, together with Italy and Portugal. And contrary to countries such as France, Ireland and Spain which have over the past two decades put considerable efforts into catching up with regard to tertiary graduation levels, Austria is stagnating at a low level.","onlinedate":"2002-12-18 12:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20021201","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Technologiebericht; Wissenschaftssystem; Technologische Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit; \u00d6sterreich; Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002; The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":315992,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"75","monthly_report_pages":"763-774","monthly_report_pages_sort":"763","issue":"12","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"2002-12-18 12:00:00","types":[44312],"research_groups":[3491],"collaboration":"","persons":[4075,13585],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4075,\"personName\":\"Norbert Knoll\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":13585,\"personName\":\"et al.\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Knoll, N.<\\\/span>, &amp; et al. (2002). <span>Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>75<\\\/em>(12), 763-774. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/23244\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/23244<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Knoll N<\\\/span>, et al. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/span>. 2002 Dec;75(12):763-774.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{8d35ff579cba4b19ae855b7fc860f7e0,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Der {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"Der von ARC Seibersdorf Research, Joanneum, Technopolis Austria und WIFO im Rahmen des Programms {\\\"}tip \u2013 technologie information politikberatung{\\\"} erstellte {\\\"}Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002{\\\"} liefert aktuelle Befunde zum {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichischen Innovationssystem und dient als Informationsquelle f{\\\\\\\"u}r die technologiepolitische Standortbestimmung. Die Forschungsquote nahm in {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich in den neunziger Jahren zu, entspricht aber nach wie vor nicht der Wirtschaftskraft des Landes. Das heimische Wissenschaftssystem positioniert sich \u2013 gemessen an der Zahl der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen je Einwohner \u2013 im europ{\\\\\\\"a}ischen Mittelfeld. Einer besonderen St{\\\\\\\"a}rke im mittleren Bildungssegment steht ein au{\\\\ss}erordentlich geringer Anteil von Absolventen h{\\\\\\\"o}herer Bildung gegen{\\\\\\\"u}ber. Strukturm{\\\\\\\"a}ngel der technologischen Leistungsf{\\\\\\\"a}higkeit des Unternehmenssektors ergeben sich aus einem {\\\\\\\"u}berdurchschnittlichen Anteil arbeitsintensiver Branchen bei gleichzeitig geringem Anteil technologiegest{\\\\\\\"u}tzter Branchen.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Technologiebericht; Wissenschaftssystem; Technologische Leistungsf{\\\\\\\"a}higkeit; {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich; Der {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002; The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002, Technologiebericht; Wissenschaftssystem; Technologische Leistungsf{\\\\\\\"a}higkeit; {\\\\\\\"O}sterreich; Der {\\\\\\\"o}sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002; The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Norbert Knoll and \\\\{et al.\\\\}\\\",<\\\/div><div>  note     = \\\"Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"2002\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = dec,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"Deutsch\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"75\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"763--774\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO-Monatsberichte\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002<\\\/p><p>AU  - Knoll, Norbert<\\\/p><p>AU  - et al., null<\\\/p><p>N1  - Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2002\\\/12<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2002\\\/12<\\\/p><p>N2  - Der von ARC Seibersdorf Research, Joanneum, Technopolis Austria und WIFO im Rahmen des Programms \\\"tip \u2013 technologie information politikberatung\\\" erstellte \\\"Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002\\\" liefert aktuelle Befunde zum \u00f6sterreichischen Innovationssystem und dient als Informationsquelle f\u00fcr die technologiepolitische Standortbestimmung. Die Forschungsquote nahm in \u00d6sterreich in den neunziger Jahren zu, entspricht aber nach wie vor nicht der Wirtschaftskraft des Landes. Das heimische Wissenschaftssystem positioniert sich \u2013 gemessen an der Zahl der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen je Einwohner \u2013 im europ\u00e4ischen Mittelfeld. Einer besonderen St\u00e4rke im mittleren Bildungssegment steht ein au\u00dferordentlich geringer Anteil von Absolventen h\u00f6herer Bildung gegen\u00fcber. Strukturm\u00e4ngel der technologischen Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit des Unternehmenssektors ergeben sich aus einem \u00fcberdurchschnittlichen Anteil arbeitsintensiver Branchen bei gleichzeitig geringem Anteil technologiegest\u00fctzter Branchen.<\\\/p><p>AB  - Der von ARC Seibersdorf Research, Joanneum, Technopolis Austria und WIFO im Rahmen des Programms \\\"tip \u2013 technologie information politikberatung\\\" erstellte \\\"Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002\\\" liefert aktuelle Befunde zum \u00f6sterreichischen Innovationssystem und dient als Informationsquelle f\u00fcr die technologiepolitische Standortbestimmung. Die Forschungsquote nahm in \u00d6sterreich in den neunziger Jahren zu, entspricht aber nach wie vor nicht der Wirtschaftskraft des Landes. Das heimische Wissenschaftssystem positioniert sich \u2013 gemessen an der Zahl der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen je Einwohner \u2013 im europ\u00e4ischen Mittelfeld. Einer besonderen St\u00e4rke im mittleren Bildungssegment steht ein au\u00dferordentlich geringer Anteil von Absolventen h\u00f6herer Bildung gegen\u00fcber. Strukturm\u00e4ngel der technologischen Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit des Unternehmenssektors ergeben sich aus einem \u00fcberdurchschnittlichen Anteil arbeitsintensiver Branchen bei gleichzeitig geringem Anteil technologiegest\u00fctzter Branchen.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Technologiebericht; Wissenschaftssystem; Technologische Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit; \u00d6sterreich; Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002; The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002<\\\/p><p>KW  - Technologiebericht; Wissenschaftssystem; Technologische Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit; \u00d6sterreich; Der \u00f6sterreichische Forschungs- und Technologiebericht 2002; The Austrian Research and Technology Report for 2002<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO-Schriftenreihen<\\\/p><p>VL  - 75<\\\/p><p>SP  - 763<\\\/p><p>EP  - 774<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.3 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - 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