{"id":105334,"date":"2024-01-22T14:21:12","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T13:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/105334\/"},"modified":"2026-02-17T16:22:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T15:22:51","slug":"outsourcing-competitiveness-and-employment-effects-mapped-with-a-sector-model-of-austrian-manufacturing-2","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/105334\/","title":{"rendered":"Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-105334","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"With the Austrian economy becoming more integrated into Eastern Central Europe, manufacturing steps are being shifted to Eastern Europe (outsourcing or \"fragmentation\"), following the intermediate step of lower costs payable for imported materials and services. Outsourcing impacts directly and negatively on domestic employment, yet simultaneously raises both output and employment indirectly as a consequence of lower costs at the macroeconomic level. This indirect effect is produced by cost savings, which in turn change output prices and thus improve competitiveness (on all markets).","onlinedate":"2001-07-24 12:00:00","lang":"English","publication_series":"","publication_date":"20010701","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":440975,"zip":null,"link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wwa\/pubid\/20509","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"6","monthly_report_pages":"120-132","monthly_report_pages_sort":"120","issue":"3","journal":"Austrian Economic Quarterly","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"2001-07-24 12:00:00","types":[183747],"research_groups":[3500,3655],"collaboration":"","persons":[3675,3995],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":3675,\"personName\":\"Kurt Kratena\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":3995,\"personName\":\"Michael W\u00fcger\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Kratena, K.<\\\/span><span>, &amp; W\u00fcger, M.<\\\/span> (2001). <span>Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing<\\\/span>. <span><em>Austrian Economic Quarterly<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>6<\\\/em>(3), 120-132. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/20509\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/20509<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Kratena K<\\\/span><span>, W\u00fcger M<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>Austrian Economic Quarterly<\\\/span>. 2001 Jul;6(3):120-132.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{d57dfd78fa3f4b54b300bf2e641356d1,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"With the Austrian economy becoming more integrated into Eastern Central Europe, manufacturing steps are being shifted to Eastern Europe (outsourcing or {\\\"}fragmentation{\\\"}), following the intermediate step of lower costs payable for imported materials and services. Outsourcing impacts directly and negatively on domestic employment, yet simultaneously raises both output and employment indirectly as a consequence of lower costs at the macroeconomic level. This indirect effect is produced by cost savings, which in turn change output prices and thus improve competitiveness (on all markets).\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Kurt Kratena and Michael W{\\\\\\\"u}ger\\\",<\\\/div><div>  note     = \\\"Outsourcing\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"2001\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = jul,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"English\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"6\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"120--132\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"Austrian Economic Quarterly\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing<\\\/p><p>AU  - Kratena, Kurt<\\\/p><p>AU  - W\u00fcger, Michael<\\\/p><p>N1  - Outsourcing<\\\/p><p>PY  - 2001\\\/7<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 2001\\\/7<\\\/p><p>N2  - With the Austrian economy becoming more integrated into Eastern Central Europe, manufacturing steps are being shifted to Eastern Europe (outsourcing or \\\"fragmentation\\\"), following the intermediate step of lower costs payable for imported materials and services. Outsourcing impacts directly and negatively on domestic employment, yet simultaneously raises both output and employment indirectly as a consequence of lower costs at the macroeconomic level. This indirect effect is produced by cost savings, which in turn change output prices and thus improve competitiveness (on all markets).<\\\/p><p>AB  - With the Austrian economy becoming more integrated into Eastern Central Europe, manufacturing steps are being shifted to Eastern Europe (outsourcing or \\\"fragmentation\\\"), following the intermediate step of lower costs payable for imported materials and services. Outsourcing impacts directly and negatively on domestic employment, yet simultaneously raises both output and employment indirectly as a consequence of lower costs at the macroeconomic level. This indirect effect is produced by cost savings, which in turn change output prices and thus improve competitiveness (on all markets).<\\\/p><p>KW  - Outsourcing<\\\/p><p>KW  -  Competitiveness and Employment. Effects mapped with a Sector Model of Austrian Manufacturing<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO series<\\\/p><p>VL  - 6<\\\/p><p>SP  - 120<\\\/p><p>EP  - 132<\\\/p><p>JO  - Austrian Economic Quarterly<\\\/p><p>JF  - Austrian Economic Quarterly<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Outsourcing, Competitiveness and Employment. 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