{"id":102932,"date":"2024-01-22T13:25:24","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T12:25:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/publication\/102932\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T02:49:59","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T01:49:59","slug":"marktmacht-im-lebensmitteleinzelhandel-2","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/","title":{"rendered":"Market Power in Food Retailing"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-102932","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","text":"Food retailers may enjoy market power by way of selling power (ability to control competitors and consumers) and\/or buying power (ability to control suppliers). Selling power is reflected in the market share gains achieved by some distribution channels and groups of enterprises. The double effect of structural factors (consumer behaviour) and economies of scale and scope in terms of logistics, merchandise management and distribution led to the rapid growth of super- and hypermarkets in the past decades and contributed to the emergence of major suburban shopping centres. Market leaders were able to boost their market shares significantly, and the concentration increased, which in turn improved efficiency and accelerated the erosion of the position of neighbourhood shops. High concentration rates in retailing, combined with the structural advantages enjoyed by the retail trade over much of the manufacturing, makes for a substantial potential buying power by the retailer. The extent to which buying power has implications in terms of welfare economics depends very much on the market structures in retailing and manufacturing, but also on the extent to which competition works at the retailing trade level. Confirmation that the retailing industry has in recent years gained in buying power comes, i.a., from the fact that the main buyers have increased their sales volumes. Their rising buying power is accompanied by a shift of functions from manufacturing industry to retailing industry, larger discounts, insistence on better terms and price and terms negotiations which are largely controlled by the retailing industry. The most efficient method of fighting buying power appears to be the development of strong brands. To a large extent, increasing buying power is also due to intensified competition in the wake of EU membership and structural problems suffered by the manufacturing industry: too small enterprises, excessive production costs, weak brands as a result of the lack of innovation and marketing competence. High concentration rates among food retailers and their resultant market and buying power may be countered only by competitive policy measures (preventive merger control, accompanying supervision to prevent abuse). Structural problems, especially those suffered by small businesses, need to be eliminated within the scope of a structural and industrial policy, with the initiative to be taken by the businesses themselves.","onlinedate":"1999-12-16 12:00:00","lang":"German","publication_series":"","publication_date":"19991201","publication_date_year":"","publication_date_full":false,"publication_num_pages":"","keywords":"[\"Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Market Power in Food Retailing\"]","jelcodes":"[]","related_publications":"[]","pdf":308346,"zip":null,"link":"","monthly_report":true,"monthly_report_main":false,"monthly_report_volume":"72","monthly_report_pages":"797-809","monthly_report_pages_sort":"797","issue":"12","journal":"WIFO-Monatsberichte","publisher":"","invisible":false,"external":false,"embargo_date":"1999-12-16 12:00:00","types":[44312],"research_groups":[3491,3500],"collaboration":"","persons":[4383,4127,3995],"persons_data":"[{\"personId\":4383,\"personName\":\"Karl Aiginger\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":4127,\"personName\":\"Robert Wieser\",\"organisationNames\":[]},{\"personId\":3995,\"personName\":\"Michael W\u00fcger\",\"organisationNames\":[]}]","clients":[],"subclients":[],"partners":[],"topics":[],"host_publication_title":"","host_publication_subtitle":"","place_of_publication":"","host_publication_editors":"[]","type_description":"","output_media":"","chapter":"","article_number":"","citations":"{\"apa\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_apa rendering_contributiontoperiodical_apa\\\"><span>Aiginger, K.<\\\/span><span>, Wieser, R.<\\\/span><span>, &amp; W\u00fcger, M.<\\\/span> (1999). <span>Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel<\\\/span>. <span><em>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/em><\\\/span>, <em>72<\\\/em>(12), 797-809. <a onclick=\\\"window.open(this.href, '_blank','noopener,noreferrer'); return false;\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/13517\\\" class=\\\"link\\\"><span>https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wwa\\\/pubid\\\/13517<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/div>\",\"vancouver\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_vancouver rendering_contributiontoperiodical_vancouver\\\"><span>Aiginger K<\\\/span><span>, Wieser R<\\\/span><span>, W\u00fcger M<\\\/span>. <span class=\\\"title\\\"><span>Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel<\\\/span><\\\/span>. <span>WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/span>. 1999 Dec;72(12):797-809.<\\\/div>\",\"bibtex\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_bibtex rendering_contributiontoperiodical_bibtex\\\"><div>@misc{bd10110e2fc645e4906dc8ac8861e660,<\\\/div><div>  title    = \\\"Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel\\\",<\\\/div><div>  abstract = \\\"Die fortschreitende Internationalisierung, verst{\\\\\\\"a}rkte Fusionsaktivit{\\\\\\\"a}ten (mergers and acquisitions) und die wachsende Dominanz der gro{\\\\ss}en Handelsunternehmen, Ver{\\\\\\\"a}nderungen des Konsumentenverhaltens, Einf{\\\\\\\"u}hrung neuer Handelskonzepte (cash and carry, gro{\\\\ss}e Diskontl{\\\\\\\"a}den, Hyperm{\\\\\\\"a}rkte), steigende Herausforderung der Markenartikel durch Handelsmarken und eine laufend zunehmende Konzentration pr{\\\\\\\"a}gen in den letzten Jahren die Entwicklung der Einzelhandelsm{\\\\\\\"a}rkte vor allem im Lebensmittelbereich. Sie ziehen u. a. Effizienzsteigerungen, eine Versch{\\\\\\\"a}rfung der Nahversorgungsproblematik und einen Anstieg der Nachfragemacht nach sich. Diese Ausweitung der Nachfragemacht des Handels ist nicht zuletzt in Zusammenhang mit dem EU-Beitritt und Strukturproblemen der Hersteller zu sehen. Sie wird begleitet von Funktionsverlagerungen zwischen Industrie und Handel, von Rabatterh{\\\\\\\"o}hungen, Konditionennachforderungen und einer weitgehenden Dominanz des Handels in den Preis- und Konditionenverhandlungen. Ein effizientes Mittel gegen die Aus{\\\\\\\"u}bung von Nachfragemacht scheinen starke Marken zu sein.\\\",<\\\/div><div>  keywords = \\\"Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Market Power in Food Retailing, Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Market Power in Food Retailing\\\",<\\\/div><div>  author   = \\\"Karl Aiginger and Robert Wieser and Michael W{\\\\\\\"u}ger\\\",<\\\/div><div>  note     = \\\"Lebensmitteleinzelhandel\\\",<\\\/div><div>  year     = \\\"1999\\\",<\\\/div><div>  month    = dec,<\\\/div><div>  language = \\\"Deutsch\\\",<\\\/div><div>  volume   = \\\"72\\\",<\\\/div><div>  pages    = \\\"797--809\\\",<\\\/div><div>  journal  = \\\"WIFO-Monatsberichte\\\",<\\\/div><p>}<\\\/p><\\\/div>\",\"ris\":\"<div class=\\\"rendering rendering_researchoutput  rendering_researchoutput_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical rendering_ris rendering_contributiontoperiodical_ris\\\"><p>TY  - GEN<\\\/p><p>T1  - Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel<\\\/p><p>AU  - Aiginger, Karl<\\\/p><p>AU  - Wieser, Robert<\\\/p><p>AU  - W\u00fcger, Michael<\\\/p><p>N1  - Lebensmitteleinzelhandel<\\\/p><p>PY  - 1999\\\/12<\\\/p><p>Y1  - 1999\\\/12<\\\/p><p>N2  - Die fortschreitende Internationalisierung, verst\u00e4rkte Fusionsaktivit\u00e4ten (mergers and acquisitions) und die wachsende Dominanz der gro\u00dfen Handelsunternehmen, Ver\u00e4nderungen des Konsumentenverhaltens, Einf\u00fchrung neuer Handelskonzepte (cash and carry, gro\u00dfe Diskontl\u00e4den, Hyperm\u00e4rkte), steigende Herausforderung der Markenartikel durch Handelsmarken und eine laufend zunehmende Konzentration pr\u00e4gen in den letzten Jahren die Entwicklung der Einzelhandelsm\u00e4rkte vor allem im Lebensmittelbereich. Sie ziehen u. a. Effizienzsteigerungen, eine Versch\u00e4rfung der Nahversorgungsproblematik und einen Anstieg der Nachfragemacht nach sich. Diese Ausweitung der Nachfragemacht des Handels ist nicht zuletzt in Zusammenhang mit dem EU-Beitritt und Strukturproblemen der Hersteller zu sehen. Sie wird begleitet von Funktionsverlagerungen zwischen Industrie und Handel, von Rabatterh\u00f6hungen, Konditionennachforderungen und einer weitgehenden Dominanz des Handels in den Preis- und Konditionenverhandlungen. Ein effizientes Mittel gegen die Aus\u00fcbung von Nachfragemacht scheinen starke Marken zu sein.<\\\/p><p>AB  - Die fortschreitende Internationalisierung, verst\u00e4rkte Fusionsaktivit\u00e4ten (mergers and acquisitions) und die wachsende Dominanz der gro\u00dfen Handelsunternehmen, Ver\u00e4nderungen des Konsumentenverhaltens, Einf\u00fchrung neuer Handelskonzepte (cash and carry, gro\u00dfe Diskontl\u00e4den, Hyperm\u00e4rkte), steigende Herausforderung der Markenartikel durch Handelsmarken und eine laufend zunehmende Konzentration pr\u00e4gen in den letzten Jahren die Entwicklung der Einzelhandelsm\u00e4rkte vor allem im Lebensmittelbereich. Sie ziehen u. a. Effizienzsteigerungen, eine Versch\u00e4rfung der Nahversorgungsproblematik und einen Anstieg der Nachfragemacht nach sich. Diese Ausweitung der Nachfragemacht des Handels ist nicht zuletzt in Zusammenhang mit dem EU-Beitritt und Strukturproblemen der Hersteller zu sehen. Sie wird begleitet von Funktionsverlagerungen zwischen Industrie und Handel, von Rabatterh\u00f6hungen, Konditionennachforderungen und einer weitgehenden Dominanz des Handels in den Preis- und Konditionenverhandlungen. Ein effizientes Mittel gegen die Aus\u00fcbung von Nachfragemacht scheinen starke Marken zu sein.<\\\/p><p>KW  - Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Market Power in Food Retailing<\\\/p><p>KW  - Marktmacht im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Market Power in Food Retailing<\\\/p><p>M3  - WIFO-Schriftenreihen<\\\/p><p>VL  - 72<\\\/p><p>SP  - 797<\\\/p><p>EP  - 809<\\\/p><p>JO  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>JF  - WIFO-Monatsberichte<\\\/p><p>ER  - <\\\/p><\\\/div>\"}","scientific_assistance":"[]","scientific_review":"[]","version":"","release_date":null,"expiration_date":null,"surveyor":"","research_assistance":"","edv":"","additional_info_de":"","additional_info_en":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Market Power in Food Retailing - WIFO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Market Power in Food Retailing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIFO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-07T01:49:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@WIFOat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/102932\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/102932\\\/\",\"name\":\"Market Power in Food Retailing - WIFO\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-22T12:25:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-07T01:49:59+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/102932\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/102932\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/publication\\\/102932\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Market Power in Food Retailing\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"WIFO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung\",\"alternateName\":\"WIFO\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/WIFO_kurz_rechts-2-1920x412.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/WIFO_kurz_rechts-2-1920x412.jpg\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":429,\"caption\":\"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/WIFOat\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/WIFOat\",\"https:\\\/\\\/linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/wifoat\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@WIFO_at\"],\"description\":\"Das WIFO, 1927 von Friedrich August von Hayek und Ludwig von Mises zur Konjunkturanalyse gegr\u00fcndet, ist heute das f\u00fchrende Institut f\u00fcr angewandte empirische Wirtschaftsforschung in \u00d6sterreich mit starkem Engagement auf europ\u00e4ischer Ebene.\",\"email\":\"office@wifo.ac.at\",\"telephone\":\"+43 1 798 26 01 \u2013 0\",\"legalName\":\"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung\",\"foundingDate\":\"1927-01-02\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"51\",\"maxValue\":\"200\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/mission-und-strategie\\\/\",\"ownershipFundingInfo\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/organisation\\\/\",\"actionableFeedbackPolicy\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/aktuelles\\\/presse\\\/\",\"correctionsPolicy\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/kontakt\\\/\",\"ethicsPolicy\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/evidenzbasierung-transparenz-und-unabhaengigkeit\\\/\",\"diversityPolicy\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/gleichstellung\\\/\",\"diversityStaffingReport\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wifo.ac.at\\\/institut\\\/gleichstellung\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Market Power in Food Retailing - WIFO","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Market Power in Food Retailing","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/","og_site_name":"WIFO","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/","article_modified_time":"2024-11-07T01:49:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1280,"url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO-Gebaeude-FotoAlexanderMueller-www.alexandermueller.at-IMG_6326-Bearbeitet-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@WIFOat","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/","url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/","name":"Market Power in Food Retailing - WIFO","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-01-22T12:25:24+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-07T01:49:59+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/publication\/102932\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Market Power in Food Retailing"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/","name":"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"WIFO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#organization","name":"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung","alternateName":"WIFO","url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO_kurz_rechts-2-1920x412.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/WIFO_kurz_rechts-2-1920x412.jpg","width":2000,"height":429,"caption":"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WIFOat\/","https:\/\/x.com\/WIFOat","https:\/\/linkedin.com\/company\/wifoat\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@WIFO_at"],"description":"Das WIFO, 1927 von Friedrich August von Hayek und Ludwig von Mises zur Konjunkturanalyse gegr\u00fcndet, ist heute das f\u00fchrende Institut f\u00fcr angewandte empirische Wirtschaftsforschung in \u00d6sterreich mit starkem Engagement auf europ\u00e4ischer Ebene.","email":"office@wifo.ac.at","telephone":"+43 1 798 26 01 \u2013 0","legalName":"\u00d6sterreichisches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung","foundingDate":"1927-01-02","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"51","maxValue":"200"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/mission-und-strategie\/","ownershipFundingInfo":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/organisation\/","actionableFeedbackPolicy":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/aktuelles\/presse\/","correctionsPolicy":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/kontakt\/","ethicsPolicy":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/evidenzbasierung-transparenz-und-unabhaengigkeit\/","diversityPolicy":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/gleichstellung\/","diversityStaffingReport":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/institut\/gleichstellung\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/102932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/102932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":308338,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/102932\/revisions\/308338"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/person\/3995"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/person\/4127"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/person\/4383"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research_group\/3500"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research_group\/3491"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_type\/44312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wifo.ac.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}