Vor dem Hintergrund der Forderung nach einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung (etwa durch die Vereinbarung des Kyoto-Ziels zur Verringerung
der Treibhausgasemissionen) werden verstärkt die Umwelteffekte politischer Instrumente berücksichtigt, deren primäre Zielsetzung
nicht der Umweltschutz ist. In diesem Zusammenhang kann auch die Wohnbauförderung einen Beitrag leisten; für sie werden in
Österreich jährlich rund 2 Mrd. € an Bundesmitteln zur Verfügung gestellt. In den letzten Jahren nehmen die Bundesländer in
ihre Förderungsrichtlinien verstärkt Merkmale der Energieeffizienz und ökologische Kriterien auf. Anhand der Daten der Konsumerhebung
1999/2000 lässt sich der Einfluss der energierelevanten Aspekte der Förderung auf die Ausgaben der privaten Haushalte für
Beheizung zeigen.
Keywords:Wohnbauförderung; Bundesländer; Raumwärme; Thermische Sanierung; Nachhaltige Entwicklung; Österreich; Umwelt- und energierelevante
Aspekte der Wohnbauförderung; Environmentally and Energy-relevant Aspects of Housing Subsidies
Forschungsbereich:Klima-, Umwelt- und Ressourcenökonomie
Sprache:Deutsch
Environmentally and Energy-relevant Aspects of Housing Subsidies
The integrated approach to environmental policy resulting from the sustainable development includes an analysis of the environmental
impact that even those policy tools have which are not primarily directed towards environmental protection. These include
housing subsidy schemes, to which some € 2 billion in federal funds are allotted each year. The environmental relevance of
the scheme derives from the Kyoto climate goal, i.e., the share of energy-based CO2 emissions by private households. The allocation
of the funds lies in the responsibility of the Länder (federal states), which reinforced their criteria in terms of the improvement
of energy efficiency and ecological criteria for subsidising new housing and renovation. Data on consumer spending for 1999-2000
were used to determine whether statistically significant differences could be found between subsidised and non-subsidised
housing in terms of their heating expenditure. It was investigated whether subsidises have an impact on the amount of heating
costs, and whether a difference could be found between Länder which had introduced energy efficiency criteria at an early
date and those which had lagged behind until the late 1990s. As the empirical results show, significant differences in average
heating costs were found (in all Länder) between subsidised and non-subsidised housing. The comparison also makes it clear
that the additional schemes launched in the pioneering Länder to subsidise measures to improve energy efficiency have made
for a difference vis-à-vis non-subsidised housing on the one hand and other Länder on the other hand.